Which two types of impairments are generally considered disabilities?

The reason "Physical and mental" is considered the correct answer is that these two types of impairments are widely recognized under the legal definitions of disability, as established in laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). A physical impairment refers to any condition that limits a person's physical function, such as mobility issues or chronic health conditions. Mental impairments, on the other hand, include conditions that affect cognitive or emotional functions, such as depression, anxiety disorders, or schizophrenia.

These impairments restrict a person's ability to perform major life activities, which is a core aspect of what defines a disability. The recognition of both physical and mental impairments ensures that individuals facing challenges in these areas receive the necessary accommodations and support to lead fulfilling lives.

The other options include impairments that may not fall under the legal definition of disability. Economic impairments, for instance, refer to financial challenges that do not inherently limit a person's ability to function physically or mentally. Similarly, social impairments pertain to difficulties in social interactions rather than functioning across the scopes of physical or mental health. Thus, while important discussions, these types of impairments don't fit within the established framework for recognizing disabilities in the same way physical and mental impairments do.